Acadesine Sarms Raw Steroid Powder Aicar CAS 2627-69-2 Treating Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

AICAR is a peptide whose technical name is 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide. It can also be known as AICA ribonucleotide, ZMP, or Acadesine. It is an intermediate contained in the generation of inosine monophosphate. It primarily functions as an AMP-activated protein kinase agonist, meaning that it has the ability to promote the operation of nutrient stores for energy production. It has a molecular mass of 338.211, and it has a molecular formula of C9H15N4O8P.

AICAR is an adenosine analog that selectively activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK regulates lipid and glucose metabolism to maintain cellular energy homeostasis (Hardie and Carling).

AICAR can play a hand in boosting these processes because it contains the ability to penetrate cardiac cells and block the production of enzymes tied to regulating glucose intake and energy expulsion. With these regulatory enzymes inhibited, the affected cells can in turn boost the amount of glucose that can be received, and it can also increase its level of energy conversion. Additionally, the peptide's presence has been determined to aid in lowering programmed cell death, a process that is also known as apoptosis.
 

Specification

Functions

AICAR (AICA-Riboside) strongly inhibits the transcription of PPAR&alpha and the coactivation of PPAR&alpha. In adipocyte studies it has been shown to antagonize lipolysis induced by isoprenaline and has been suggested for use in kinase cascade research. Additionally, research indicates that AICAR blocks the differentiation of 3T3-L1 (sc-2243) adipocytes. Studies demonstrate that AICAR can mimic the activity of insulin (sc-211647) by activating AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), and affecting the expression of PEPCK-M (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). The 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (ZMP) is the monophosphorylated derivative of AICA-Riboside, and it can serve as the substrate for the aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase/inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase (ATIC). AICAR is an inhibitor of Hsp90, mTOR and p70 S6 Kinase.
 

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions as a metabolic sensor that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism to maintain cellular energy homeostasis and to protect against metabolic stress.AICAR is a selective activator of AMPK in both hepatocytes and adipocytes. At 0.5 mM it inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids and sterols and inactivates HMG-CoA reductase in rat hepatocytes.AICAR (0.5 mM) inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake to 62% of controls and reduces GLUT4 translocation 2.5-fold in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. It also blocks the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α/IL-1β and IL-6), iNOS, COX-2, and MnSOD genes in glial cells and macrophages by inhibiting NFκB and C/EBP pathways.
 

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